Perfume 101

Choosing a perfume is personal. This guide explains how a fragrance is built, the main scent families, how your skin changes a scent, and simple ways to test, wear and layer perfume so you find one that feels like yours.

1. How a perfume is built

A perfume unfolds in three stages, often called the scent pyramid, because its ingredients evaporate at different speeds:

Top notes: the first impressionLight, bright notes such as citrus, fresh herbs and fruit. They greet you in the first 5 to 15 minutes, then fade.
Heart notes: the characterFlorals, spices and green notes that appear as the top notes settle, and stay for a few hours.
Base notes: the memoryWoods, amber, vanilla and musk. Heavier ingredients that anchor the scent and linger longest on skin.

Every Aroma Sense perfume page lists its top, heart and base notes, so you can see how it will change through the day.

2. Perfume strengths explained

The name on the bottle tells you roughly how much fragrance oil is inside. More oil generally means a richer scent that lasts longer.

Type Typical fragrance oil Typical wear
Eau de Cologne 2 to 5% about 2 hours
Eau de Toilette (EDT) 5 to 15% 3 to 4 hours
Eau de Parfum (EDP) 15 to 20% 5 to 8 hours
Extrait de Parfum 20 to 40% 8 hours or more

Aroma Sense eau de parfums are made at a 30% oil concentration, closer to an extrait than a typical EDP, because Singapore's heat and humidity are hard on lighter fragrances. How long any scent lasts still depends on your skin, the weather and how you wear it.

3. The fragrance families

Perfumers group scents into families. Knowing which ones you like makes it much easier to shop.

Family Smells like Feels Great for
Floral rose, jasmine, peony, freesia soft, romantic, graceful daytime, office, weddings
Woody sandalwood, cedar, vetiver, oud warm, composed, confident work, evenings, all year
Amber (oriental) amber, vanilla, incense, musk rich, sensual, cosy evenings, dinners, festive season
Citrus bergamot, lemon, grapefruit fresh, energetic, clean hot days, weekends, the gym
Spicy pepper, cardamom, cinnamon, clove bold, warm, distinctive nights out, cooler air-conditioned spaces
Fruity pear, peach, berries, apple playful, cheerful, easy casual days, social gatherings
Fresh & aquatic sea breeze, green leaves, clean musk light, natural, minimal everyday wear, Singapore humidity

Most perfumes mix two families, for example a floral-woody or a fruity-floral. Not sure where you fit? Try our find your fragrance quiz.

4. How your skin changes a scent

The same perfume can smell a little different on two people. Your skin's moisture, natural oils, warmth and even diet all play a part.

  • Oilier skin tends to hold fragrance longer and suits richer woody, amber and musky scents.
  • Drier skin lets fragrance fade faster. Moisturise first with an unscented lotion, and look for scents with strong base notes such as sandalwood, amber or vanilla.
  • Heat and humidity make fragrance bloom faster. In Singapore, a lighter hand in the day and a richer scent for air-conditioned evenings often works well.

5. How to test a perfume

  1. Test on skin, not just paper. Spray on your wrist or inner elbow, where skin is warm.
  2. Wait at least 30 minutes. The first spray is mostly top notes. Judge a perfume by its heart and base.
  3. Test no more than 3 at a time. After that your nose tires and scents start to blur.
  4. Wear it for a day. The easiest way is our 6 ml size: any 5 perfumes in 6 ml for $29.90, so you can live with each one before choosing a 50 ml or 100 ml bottle.

6. How to wear it so it lasts

  • Apply to pulse points: wrists, inner elbows, the base of the throat and behind the ears. Warm skin carries the scent.
  • Moisturise first. Fragrance lasts longer on hydrated skin.
  • Do not rub your wrists together. Rubbing breaks up the top notes and makes the scent fade faster.
  • Try your clothes and hair. A light mist on a scarf or the ends of your hair holds scent well; test on an inside seam first, as oils can mark delicate or light fabrics.
  • Store it well. Keep bottles closed, away from sunlight, heat and bathroom humidity. A drawer or wardrobe is ideal.

7. Layering your own signature

Layering means wearing two scents together to create something personal. A few simple rules:

  1. Start rich, finish light. Apply the heavier scent (woody or amber) first, then the lighter one (citrus, fresh or floral) on top.
  2. Pair families that flatter each other: floral with woody for depth; citrus with fresh for a bright daytime lift; amber with spicy for a warm evening.
  3. Keep it to two. More than that can get muddy.

A ready-made pairing: our Salty Breeze and Autumn Orchard layering pair, 2 x 50 ml for $49.90.

8. 7 common mistakes

  1. Deciding in the first minute. You are only smelling the top notes.
  2. Testing too many at once. Your nose gets tired after about three.
  3. Choosing by the bottle. Fall for what is inside, not the packaging.
  4. Rubbing your wrists. It makes the scent fade faster.
  5. Ignoring the weather. A heavy amber scent can feel too much on a hot afternoon.
  6. Over-spraying. 2 to 4 sprays is plenty; you will stop noticing your own scent long before others do.
  7. Following trends blindly. The best perfume is the one that feels like you.

9. Quick questions

How many sprays should I use?

2 to 4 sprays for most eau de parfums: one on each wrist and one at the neck. Go lighter in small offices and enclosed spaces.

Does perfume expire?

Most perfumes keep well for 3 to 5 years when stored away from heat and light. If the colour darkens a lot or it smells sharp or sour, it has turned.

Does perfume last longer on skin or clothes?

Fabric usually holds scent longer, but the scent develops best on skin. Many people do both: pulse points plus a light mist on clothing.

Where should I not spray perfume?

Avoid the eyes, broken or irritated skin, freshly shaved skin, and delicate fabrics such as silk. Do not spray directly onto jewellery or pearls.

What does "inspired by" mean?

Aroma Sense perfumes are our own blends, created to share the character of well-known fragrances. They are not the original designer perfumes and we are not affiliated with those brands.